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A bit about dachshunds and their backs:

A form of dwarfism has been bred into dachshunds, thus the smaller limbs and torsion of the limbs. As a result of this genetic disease is early calcification of the intervertebral discs (the cushions between the bones of the spine). When they should have give to them and absorb forces they work to reduce problems. When they are calcified they don't absorb shock but will 'burst' if enough force goes through. (This is why if we try to keep the dachshunds off of stairs, no jumping, and lift them properly supporting their bums) In humans that herniate a disc you will often find it hits a nerve and can cause pain down a leg (for instance). But in dogs, a herniated disc compresses the spinal cord itself and causes paralysis from that segment down. So a 'downed' dog is one that is paralyzed. Typically at the junction of the thoracic and lumbar spines (where the ribs end at their 'waist').
Based on ability to move their legs, reflexes, and response to pain will indicate how much damage has been done.
If left beyond a day or two the spinal cord literally liquefies and there is
no use in having the surgery at that point as the cord is useless. That's why it's imperative to rush them to the surgery table immediately. Every hour that goes by results in more permanent damage.
Every dachshund has the potential for this and every adopter should be aware of this to do their best to avoid it. Good breeders try to minimize this as much as possible.